Overview: CD14 Flow Cytometry Test
Introduction: The CD14 Flow Cytometry Test detects CD14 markers to diagnose leukemia or infections, causing fever or fatigue. Following 2023 ASH guidelines, it uses flow cytometry for high specificity, aiding in cancer and infection screening. This test is critical for guiding diagnosis, treatment, and improving outcomes in hematology for patients with suspected leukemia or infections.

Other Names: CD14 Flow Assay, Monocyte Marker Test.

FDA Status: Laboratory-developed test (LDT), meeting hematology standards for diagnostic accuracy.

Historical Milestone: CD14 testing began in the 1980s with leukemia and infection research. Flow cytometry emerged in the 1990s, and by the 2000s, standardized panels improved accuracy.

Purpose: Diagnoses leukemia or infections, guides treatment, and monitors CD14 markers in patients with fever or fatigue.

Test Parameters: 1. CD14

Pretest Condition: No fasting required. Collect whole blood or bone marrow at any time. Report symptoms like fever or fatigue, and list medications.

Specimen: 2-5 mL whole blood (EDTA) or 2-5 mL bone marrow (EDTA). Transport in a biohazard bag within 24 hours.

Sample Stability at Room Temperature: 24 hours

Sample Stability at Refrigeration: 48 hours

Sample Stability at Frozen: Not frozen

Medical History: Document fever, fatigue, or history of leukemia/infections. Include current medications, especially antibiotics or chemotherapeutics.

Consent: Written consent required, detailing the tests purpose, diagnostic implications, and potential need for therapy.

Procedural Considerations: Uses flow cytometry to detect CD14 markers. Results are available in 1-2 days, enabling rapid clinical decisions.

Factors Affecting Result Accuracy: Poor sample quality or low cell yield can affect results. Non-malignant conditions may express CD14.

Clinical Significance: Positive CD14 expression suggests leukemia or infection, prompting treatment. Negative results may require additional marker testing.

Specialist Consultation: Consult a hematologist or infectious disease specialist for result interpretation.

Additional Supporting Tests: Bone marrow biopsy, blood culture, or other flow cytometry markers to confirm leukemia or infections.

Test Limitations: Non-specific expression may occur in non-malignant conditions. Results require clinical correlation.

References: ASH Leukemia Guidelines, 2023; Blood, Arber DA, 2022.