Overview: CD25 Flow Cytometry Test
Introduction: The CD25 Flow Cytometry Test detects CD25 markers to diagnose lymphoma or autoimmune disorders, causing fever or joint pain. Following 2023 ASH guidelines, it uses flow cytometry for high specificity, aiding in cancer and autoimmune screening. This test is critical for guiding diagnosis, treatment, and improving outcomes in hematology for patients with suspected lymphoma or autoimmune disorders.

Other Names: CD25 Flow Assay, IL-2 Receptor Test.

FDA Status: Laboratory-developed test (LDT), meeting hematology standards for diagnostic accuracy.

Historical Milestone: CD25 testing began in the 1990s with lymphoma and autoimmune research. Flow cytometry emerged in the 2000s, improving accuracy for marker detection.

Purpose: Diagnoses lymphoma or autoimmune disorders, guides treatment, and monitors CD25 markers in patients with fever or joint pain.

Test Parameters: 1. CD25

Pretest Condition: No fasting required. Collect whole blood or bone marrow at any time. Report symptoms like fever or joint pain, and list medications.

Specimen: 2-5 mL whole blood (EDTA) or 2-5 mL bone marrow (EDTA). Transport in a biohazard bag within 24 hours.

Sample Stability at Room Temperature: 24 hours

Sample Stability at Refrigeration: 48 hours

Sample Stability at Frozen: Not frozen

Medical History: Document fever, joint pain, or history of lymphoma/autoimmune disorders. Include current medications, especially immunosuppressants.

Consent: Written consent required, detailing the tests purpose, diagnostic implications, and potential need for therapy.

Procedural Considerations: Uses flow cytometry to detect CD25 markers. Results are available in 1-2 days, enabling rapid clinical decisions.

Factors Affecting Result Accuracy: Poor sample quality or low cell yield can affect results. Non-malignant conditions may express CD25.

Clinical Significance: Positive CD25 expression suggests lymphoma or autoimmune disorders, prompting treatment. Negative results may require additional testing.

Specialist Consultation: Consult a hematologist or rheumatologist for result interpretation.

Additional Supporting Tests: Bone marrow biopsy, other flow cytometry markers, or autoimmune panels to confirm diagnosis.

Test Limitations: Non-specific expression may occur in non-malignant conditions. Results require clinical correlation.

References: ASH Lymphoma Guidelines, 2023; Blood, Swerdlow SH, 2022.