Overview: Immature Platelet Fraction Test
Introduction: The Immature Platelet Fraction Test measures immature platelet fraction (IPF) to assess platelet production, aiding diagnosis of bleeding disorders. Following 2023 ASH guidelines, it uses microscopy for high accuracy, supporting hematological screening. This test is critical for guiding diagnosis, treatment planning, and improving outcomes in hematology for patients with suspected thrombocytopenia or bleeding disorders.

Other Names: IPF Assay, Reticulated Platelet Test.

FDA Status: Laboratory-developed test (LDT), meeting hematology standards for diagnostic accuracy.

Historical Milestone: IPF testing emerged in the 1990s with platelet research. Automated microscopy methods improved in the 2000s, enhancing diagnostic precision.

Purpose: Measures IPF to assess platelet production, guides treatment, and evaluates patients with bleeding disorders.

Test Parameters: 1. Immature Platelet Fraction

Pretest Condition: No fasting required. Collect whole blood at any time. Report history of bleeding, bruising, or bone marrow disorders.

Specimen: 2-5 mL whole blood (EDTA). Transport in a biohazard bag within 24 hours.

Sample Stability at Room Temperature: 24 hours

Sample Stability at Refrigeration: 48 hours

Sample Stability at Frozen: Not frozen

Medical History: Document bleeding, bruising, bone marrow disorders, or recent transfusions. Include current medications, especially antiplatelet agents.

Consent: Written consent required, detailing the tests purpose, bleeding disorder implications, and potential need for treatment planning.

Procedural Considerations: Uses automated microscopy (e.g., Sysmex analyzers) to measure IPF. Results are available in 1-2 days, supporting rapid clinical decisions. Performed in laboratories, often for thrombocytopenia assessment.

Factors Affecting Result Accuracy: Improper sample handling or contamination can affect results. Recent transfusions may influence IPF levels.

Clinical Significance: Elevated IPF suggests increased platelet production, indicating bone marrow recovery. Low IPF indicates poor production, guiding transfusion or therapy.

Specialist Consultation: Consult a hematologist for result interpretation and treatment planning.

Additional Supporting Tests: Platelet count, bone marrow biopsy, or bleeding time to assess hematological status.

Test Limitations: Not specific to one bleeding disorder; clinical correlation is needed. Recent treatments may affect results.

References: ASH Thrombocytopenia Guidelines, 2023; American Journal of Hematology, Briggs C, 2022.