Overview: Interleukin-2 Receptor TestIntroduction: The Interleukin-2 Receptor Test measures IL-2 receptor to assess immune disorders or lymphomas, causing fever or swelling. Following 2023 WHO guidelines, it uses immunoassay for high specificity, supporting cancer screening. This test is critical for guiding diagnosis, treatment planning, and improving outcomes in immunology for patients with suspected immune disorders or lymphomas.
Other Names: IL-2R Assay, Soluble CD25 Test.
FDA Status: Laboratory-developed test (LDT), meeting immunology standards for diagnostic accuracy.
Historical Milestone: IL-2 receptor testing began in the 1980s with immune disorder research. Immunoassay-based methods improved in the 2000s, enhancing diagnostic precision.
Purpose: Measures IL-2 receptor to diagnose immune disorders or lymphomas, guides treatment, and evaluates patients with fever or swelling.
Test Parameters: 1. Interleukin-2 Receptor
Pretest Condition: No fasting required. Collect serum or plasma. Report history of fever, swelling, or immune disorder symptoms.
Specimen: Serum (SST, 2-5 mL), Plasma (EDTA, 2-4 mL). Transport in a biohazard container.
Sample Stability at Room Temperature: 8 hours
Sample Stability at Refrigeration: 7 days
Sample Stability at Frozen: 6 months
Medical History: Document fever, swelling, fatigue, or family history of lymphomas or immune disorders. Include current medications, especially immunosuppressants.
Consent: Written consent required, detailing the tests purpose, immune or lymphoma implications, and risks of blood collection.
Procedural Considerations: Uses immunoassay to measure IL-2 receptor in serum or plasma. Results are available in 3-5 days, supporting clinical decisions. Performed in laboratories, often for immune disorder or lymphoma diagnosis.
Factors Affecting Result Accuracy: Hemolysis, lipemia, or improper sample storage can affect results. Insufficient sample volume may reduce accuracy.
Clinical Significance: Elevated IL-2 receptor suggests immune disorders (e.g., sarcoidosis) or lymphomas, guiding immunosuppressive therapy or chemotherapy. Normal levels may require further testing.
Specialist Consultation: Consult a hematologist or immunologist for result interpretation and treatment planning.
Additional Supporting Tests: CD30 IHC, CRP, or PET-CT to confirm lymphoma or immune disorder diagnosis.
Test Limitations: Not specific to one condition; other inflammatory states may elevate IL-2 receptor. Clinical correlation is needed.
References: WHO Lymphoma Guidelines, 2023; Blood, Waldmann TA, 2022.
